1. DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGE

    2.  
    1. Developmental Psychology deals with the
      description,
      explanation,
      prediction and
      optimization
      of intraindividual change in behavior across the life span and with interindividual differences (and similarities) in this change.
        2.  
    2. Domains
      1. Physical
      2. Cognitive
      3. Psychosocial

    3. Developmental Issues
      1. Nature vs. Nurture
      2. Continuity vs. Discontinuity
      3. Universal vs. Context Specific

        4.  
    1. DEVELOPMENTAL THEORIES

      2. A statement that organizes and facilitates the interpretation of large amounts of information
      1. Good Theories
      2. Internally Consistent
      3. Incorporates many facts, observations and relationships
      4. Stimulates new thinking and research
      5. Testable and can be refuted ("seeds of destruction")
         
    2. Biopsychosocial Framework (four interactive forces/factors)
      1. Biological (genetic/health)
      2. Psychological (perceptual, cognitive, emotional & personality)
      3. Sociocultural (interpersonal, societal, cultural & ethnic)
      4. Life-cycle (age differences in response)
         
    3. Developmental Theories
      1. Psychodynamic (Freud, Erikson)
      2. Learning-Behavioral (Watson, Skinner, Bandura)
      3. Cognitive (Piaget, Kohlberg)
      4. Ecological & Systems (Brofenbrenner, Bowlby, Vygotsky)

        5.  

        Table: Comparison of Modern Theories
         

  1. RESEARCH METHODS AND DESIGN

    2.  
    1. Scientific Method
      1. Formulate research question
      2. Generate hypothesis (Operationalize terms)
      3. Test hypothesis against data/systematic observation
      4. Interpret and publicize results
         
    2. Research Method
      1. Naturalistic - Correlational
      2. Manipulative (Experimental)
      3. Independent - Dependent Variables
      4. Control Groups
         
    3. Factors of change
      1. Age
      2. Cohort (Generation)
      3. Time of test

        4.  
    4. Developmental Designs
      1. Cross-sectional (# ages, # cohorts, 1-test) - Example
      2. Longitudinal (# ages, 1-cohort, # tests) - Example
      3. Sequential (# ages, # cohorts, # tests) - Example