According to APA style, everything that is cited in your text must be listed in your reference list, and everything in the reference list must be cited in the text. When citing things in the text there are two separate styles, depending on whether the names are a part of the sentence or are in parentheses. Here’s an example in parentheses: Several authors have reported that the right hemisphere is involved in face recognition (Etcoff, 1984; Levine & Koch-Weser, 1982; Levy, Heller, Banich, & Burton, 1983a&b). Note the different formats based on the number of authors. Note also that they are listed in alphabetical order. Without parentheses, you might say that Levine and Koch-Weser (1982) reported that the right hemisphere is involved in face recognition. These results were supported by Etcoff (1984) and by Levy, Heller, Banich , and Burton (1983a&b). Note that “&” is used in parentheses but not in a sentence.
When a reference has more than two authors, all authors should be listed the first time it’s cited. Thereafter, you can give the first author’s name and say “et al.”, which is Latin for “and others”.
In the Reference list at the end of the paper, there are
separate formats for journal articles (Levy et al., 1983b), for books (Sifneos,
1972), and for chapters in an edited book (Mayer & Salovey, 1997).
References
Etcoff, N. L. (1984). Selective attention to facial identity and facial emotion. Neuropsychologia, 22, 281-295.
Levine, S. C. & Koch-Weser, M. P. (1982). Right hemisphere superiority in the recognition of famous faces. Brain and Cognition, 1, 10-22.
Levy, J., Heller, W., Banich, M., & Burton, L. (1983a). Are variations among right-handed individuals in perceptual asymmetries caused by characteristic arousal differences between the hemispheres? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 9, 329-359.
Levy, J, Heller, W., Banich,M., & Burton, L. (1983b). Asymmetry of perception in free viewing of chimeric faces. Brain and Cognition, 2, 404-419.
Mayer, J. D. & Salovey, P. (1997). What is emotional intelligence? In P. Salovey & D. Sluyter (Eds.), Emotional development and emotional intelligence: Implications for educators (pp. 517-552). New York: Basic Books.
Sifneos, P. E. (1972). Short-term psychotherapy and emotional crisis. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.