Department of Earth Science |Northeastern Illinois University

INTRODUCTION TO EARTH SCIENCE
ESCI 121

Section 05
Spring 2009

Daily Objectives #3                                                                                                           Dr. Sanders

By the end of today's class, you should be able to do the following:

w Review: Sketch a diagram illustrating the internal structure of the earth as defined by density of its layers. 
w
Review: Explain the meaning of the term density.

w    In groups, measure the density of two rock samples using a balance to find mass, and the water-displacement method to find volume.  If your measurement is within plus or minus 10% of the actual measurement, your group will earn two points for the day (1 point per rock).  

w Participate in a Jigsaw exercise to investigate Earth's large scale patterns, and post your work on the wiki according to The Rules:
 
  EXPERT GROUPS

▫ Break into Expert Groups, based on what you studied for the homework assignment:

     1) Volcanoes                       4) Deep-focus earthquakes
     2) Hotspot volcanoes         5) Thickness of Earth's crust
     3) Earthquakes                  

▫ Record the names of your colleagues in your Expert Group. 
 
▫ Examine the maps that each person in your Expert Group brought today for their homework assignment.  Does each map show exactly the same thing?  Compare maps; note any similarities and differences. 

▫ Using your world map from last class, the ocean floor map at the left side of the room, and the world map at the back of the room, locate and plot on the Expert Group maps our 14 study sites from last class.

▫ For each of the 14 study sites, determine the characteristics of that site based on your group's area of expertise.  (For example, if your group's area of expertise is "Hot spot volcanoes", then for each of the 14 sites, tell whether hot spot volcanoes occur at that location, or not.  Record your observations for each site on the Expert Group Summary Sheet provided.  Before you leave this group, everyone in the group should have a complete set of all the same information!

JIGSAW GROUPS

Compiling the Data

▫ Break into Jigsaw Groups, one Expert "puzzle piece" in each Jigsaw Group.

▫ Record the names of the others in your Jigsaw Group.  Then, come up with a group name.

▫ In your Jigsaw Group, examine each of the 14 study sites.  For each site, each Expert should call out what they know about that site, and everyone should record it on their own Jigsaw Group Summary Sheet.

Analyzing the Data

You have just participated in a very large data-gathering effort.  Now comes the fun part: scientifically analyzing the data!  Your group's task: study the data and pick out patterns.  Usually these will take a form something like this:  "Whenever X is true, Y is also true." 

For example, maybe you notice that for "Whenever a site is located in a mountainous area, the Earth's crust is very thin".  Or, "Whenever there is a volcano, it is located on a flat continental area."  (Please note:  these are *not* valid patterns!  I'm giving them as examples of a type of pattern you might look for.)  Don't forget: you can use geography as part of the pattern!

Make the longest list possible of the patterns you observe.  Put no more than three of your valid observations on the class wiki, on the "Finding Patterns" page, and earn 2 points each for your group according to the rules specified below.  Most groups will only earn 6-8 points, but there is a way to earn up to 10 points. 

THE RULES

1) What to Do: State the pattern you observe, and give your group's name.    
2) To be considered valid, a pattern must hold true more often than not using the available maps. 
3) You may only list one pattern at a time; after you list a pattern, you must wait until at least one other group lists a pattern before you can list another one. 
4) Challenges: If a group posts a pattern that you believe is not valid, you may challenge it.  To challenge it, post a comment in a different color explaining in a few short sentences why you believe it is faulty. 
5) Points:  Groups will earn 2 points up to a total of 6 for each valid pattern they list.  Groups will earn 2 points up to a total of 4 for each valid challenge that remains at the end of the posting period.
6) Posting period:  The posting period ends at class time on Thursday.  

w Next step: investigate these patterns and what they might mean.  To do this, it would be very helpful if you have in front of you a world map showing tectonic plate boundaries.  The textbook you are using may have this; please examine it and find out if it does; if it does, please bring it to class next time!

Department of Earth Science | Northeastern Illinois University

© 2009 Laura L. Sanders.  Last updated January 20, 2009.