Attendance is required, and absences beyond three class hours will result in incrementally lower grades. (Please note: three class hours equals one class session in a course that meets once a week.) In addition, you are responsible for all material covered in class whether you are there or not.

I do not distinguish between an excused and an unexcused absence. There may be necessary reasons for missing a class session, but the session is still missed. When we award 3 credit units we are not simply stipulating that you have done a specified num ber of written assignments or examinations. We are also certifying that you have been exposed to a sustained series of class sessions designed and delivered by a scholar who knows the field well and has done sufficient secondary reading and primary resear ch to present a cogent set of analyses of important issues in the subject matter of the course. Thus, if you are not there for a significant portion of the course, it reduces the value of that certification.

The current University Catalog (p. 29) specifies that if a student is absent more than three hours the instructor may lower the student grades. In my classes the may should be read "will." No one should expect to earn a grade of higher than: B w ith 4 to 5 hours of absence; C with 6 to 7 hours of absence; D with 8 to 9 hours of absence; F with 10 or more hours of absence. No, that does not mean that if you attend all but 4 or 5 hours of class you are guaranteed a B.

I am often asked if students can make up missed class sessions with additional reading. The answer is yes, BUT. . .In every class session I present a synthesis of anywhere between 20 and

50 scholarly articles, 15 and 30 scholarly books, several dozen primary documents, and over thirty years of study and reflection. If you wish, you may do the same for each class period missed, but attending class is by far the easier route to go.

CELL PHONES AND BEEPERS: Turn them off during class. Repeated infractions will be reported to the Dean of Students as disruptive behavior.

RECORDING DEVICES: Students may record class sessions.

DISCUSSION: I encourage discussion in class, BOUNDED ONLY BY RELEVANCE TO THE ASSIGNED TOPIC, KNOWLEDGE OF THE ASSIGNED MATERIAL, ADHERENCE TO LOGICAL DISCOURSE, AND RESPECT FOR OTHER CLASS MEMBERS.

GUESTS: The category "Guests" includes anyone who is not registered for the course, or has not been approved as an auditor. If you wish to invite a guest to class, you must receive permission from the professor at least twenty-four hours in advance. Permi ssion will not be granted merely for the sake of convenience.

All examinations must be submitted on 8.5"x 11" white paper typed or printed off a computer using black ink.

All examinations must use 12 or 10 cpi fonts and standard margins.

All examinations must be paginated.

All examinations must be submitted without folder or covers and must be stapled (paper-clips will not suffice).

All examinations must be submitted with the author's name, social security number, and telephone number on the cover page or the header of the first page of text.

Students are responsible for keeping copies (hard copy, disk copy, or both) of all work submitted.