PSCI 307-G: TOPICS IN POLITICAL SCIENCE

Globalization and “Third World” Politics: Argentina, Vietnam, El Salvador, and South Africa

 

Fall 2001                                                                                  Dr. Leaman’s Office: CLS 2050

Tuesday and Thursday, 5:40-6:55 PM                          Office Hours: TR 8:50-9:20 AM &

Room: SCI S-111                                                                     4:15-5:30 PM; W 1:30-3:00  PM; Telephone:  773-442-5657                                                 or by appointment with Dr. Leaman

Website: www.neiu.edu/~dleaman                                             E-mail: d-leaman@neiu.edu

 

DESCRIPTION: A major topic in political science at the beginning of the twenty-first century is the impact of the global economy on politics and society.  While “globalization” is at least as old as Columbus (and probably as old as Islam), the late twentieth century expansion of transnational business and organization; the collapse of state socialist and nationalist-capitalist systems; and the current hegemony of neoliberal ideology pose crucial contemporary questions: How much do (or should) national governments control the directions of their own economies and polities?  What are the alternatives for domestic policymakers and for “people’s power” movements in this neoliberal age?  How, particularly, have global trends affected the politics of nations and peoples that have traditionally been considered part of the “Third World?” 

To address these questions, this course begins with core questions, concepts, and themes.  What is globalization, and to what extent is it new?  Is the “Third World” still a useful category?  How has the international division of labor changed over time?  What are the roles of migration, regionalism, and resistance?  Does the current free market capitalist trend complement or conflict with the parallel trend of democratization?  Does globalization advance or diminish human rights?  We will explore these questions in four nations in the South -- Argentina, Vietnam, El Salvador, and South Africa -- with distinctive histories and interactions with the global system.  Argentina gained its political independence in the early 19th century, and then launched a major attempt at a “second independence” through nationalist-capitalism after WWII.  Vietnam’s leaders tried to implement a state-socialist model after their anti-imperial military victories in 1954 and 1975.  In the early 1990s, both El Salvador and South Africa embarked on negotiated processes of democratization made possible by sustained popular insurgencies battling against entrenched oligarchies.  Alongside numerous variations, these four countries share a history of Western colonialism and neo-colonialism; anti-colonial independence struggles; entanglements in global Cold War competition; experimentation with a range of political economy alternatives, including “authoritarian,” “democratic,” “capitalist,” and “socialist” models; recent periods of post-civil war reconstruction; and current accommodations to global market capitalism.  This comparative politics course will explore both the similarities and the differences in how these four nations have historically responded to the changing forces of globalization.  We will end with scholars from the South assessing the current effects of globalization on their nations.

 

COURSE TEXTS: Please purchase these four paperback books at the campus bookstore.

 

Mittelman, James H., The Globalization Syndrome: Transformation and Resistance (2000).

 

SarDesai, D. R., Vietnam: Past and Present, 3rd ed. (1998).

 


Wood, Elisabeth Jean, Forging Democracy from Below: Insurgent Transitions in South Africa and El Salvador (2000).

 

Anderson, Sarah, editor, Views from the South: The Effects of Globalization and the WTO on Third World Countries (2000).

 

REQUIREMENTS: In addition to the substantial reading assignments listed below, this course features two written essay exams; a research paper; and discussion leadership and participation.  Due dates are listed on the course calendar.  The penalty for lateness on any assignment or exam is one letter grade PER DAY of lateness.  In addition, perfect class attendance and on time arrival are required; more than three absences and/or frequent tardiness will automatically result in a zero for the participation portion of your final grade.  If you cannot make it to a class for some unavoidable reason, you must inform me by voice mail or e-mail BEFORE that class.  This is an upper-level university course.  As such, you should think of this class as a ten hours/week job -- three hours in class and at least seven hours working outside of class every week.  Please keep this syllabus and “job description” in mind throughout the course as we participate together in this learning adventure.  By course’s end, I hope that we can be proud of all that we have learned.

 

GRADING: The various components of your grade have the “weights” listed below.  Your final grade is calculated according to the standard percentages listed in the college catalogue (A = 90-100%; B = 80-89%; C = 70=79%; D = 60-69%; F = Below 60%).

 

Essay exam #1                                               25% - 100 points

Essay exam #2                                               25% - 100

Research paper                                   25% - 100

Discussion leadership                           10% - 40

Attendance/Participation                      15% - 60                     

TOTAL                                              100%- 400 points

 

ESSAY EXAMS: Each essay exam will feature questions that deal with broad themes that are based on the readings up to that point in the course.  The first exam will be in-class.  The second will be take-home, completed during the final exam week.  In each case, you will receive a list of possible essay questions one week in advance of the exam.

 

DISCUSSION LEADERSHIP: Participation in discussion of readings is an important part of this course.  To help build oral communication and teamwork skills, each of you will also have one opportunity during the term to help lead class discussion.  A sign-up sheet with topics and weeks will be distributed early in the term so that nearly every week at least two of you will have the chance to lead class discussion of that week’s required readings.  To assist discussion, you and your partner will be expected to prepare questions on your week’s readings for your classmates.

 


RESEARCH PAPER: Your research paper will focus on one aspect of “globalization and Third World politics” in one of the four countries on which we are concentrating in this course.  Your research will thus require you to explore a very specific, theoretically relevant question in a particular country.  A list of possible research topics drawn from themes in course readings will be provided early in the semester.  Your project will proceed through four steps.  First, you will write a research topic question.  Your second step will be an outline and preliminary bibliography for your paper.  You should use at least one of the course texts in your paper along with three outside sources.  Third, you will write the first draft of the paper itself -- 4-6 pages, typed and double-spaced.  After each of these steps you will receive comments from me.  This feedback should make the process of writing a research paper less intimidating, more productive, and more rewarding.  Finally, you will hand in the final revised draft of your research paper.

 

 

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       COURSE CALENDAR AND TOPICS

 

Week 1            Introduction:  The Global Division of Labor and Power

August 28 and 30

 

READ:            Mittelman, 3-57

 

 

Week 2            Transnational Migrations, Global Poverty and Gender, and Regionalism

September 4 and 6

 

READ:            Mittelman, 58-67, 74-89, 111-130

 

 

Week 3            Global Hegemony, Subregional Responses, and Forms of Resistance

September 11 and 13

 

READ:            Mittelman, 131-178

 

Topic Question due on September 20

 

 

Week 4            Argentina:  Nation-State Building in the Changing Global System

September 18 and 20

 

READ:            Skidmore and Smith, Modern Latin America, 5th ed., 42-62, 68-106

 

 

Week 5            Argentina: From Populist Nationalism to “Populist” Neoliberalism

September 25 and 27

 

READ: David E. Leaman, “Populist Liberalism as Dominant Ideology: Competing Ideas                            and Democracy in Post-Authoritarian Argentina, 1989-1995, Studies in                                            Comparative International Development, 98-118


SarDesai, 1-30

 

 

Week 6            Vietnam:  Asian and European Colonialism and Wars of Independence

October 2 and 4

 

READ:            SarDesai, 31-80

 

Essay Exam #1 on October 9

 

 

Week 7            Vietnam:  The Global Cold War, U.S. Intervention, and State Socialism

October 9 and 11

 

READ:            SarDesai, 81-131

 

Outline and Preliminary Bibliography due October 16

 

 

Week 8            Domestic, Regional, and International Politics of the “New Vietnam”

October 16 and 18

 

READ:            SarDesai, 132-178

 

 

Week 9            El Salvador: Colonialism, Agro-Export Oligarchy, and Popular Revolution

October 23 and 25

 

READ: Wood, Preface, 3-51

 

 

Week 10            El Salvador:  The Global Cold War, Multilateral Negotiations, and Accords

October 30 and November 1

 

READ: Wood, 52-107

 

First Draft of Paper due November 8

 

 

Week 11            South Africa: Dual Colonialisms, Racist Oligarchy, and Popular Rebellion

November 6 and 8

 

READ: Wood, 111-168

 


 

Week 12            Global and Domestic Forces, Apartheid’s End, and the New South Africa

November 13 and 15

 

READ: Wood, 169-212

 

Anderson, ed., 1-10

 

 

Week 13            The Many Faces of Globalization: Predatory versus Grassroots Globalization

November 20 and Thanksgiving holiday

 

READ:            Anderson, ed., 11-64

 

Final Draft of Paper due November 27

 

 

Week 14            Views from the South: Critical Responses to Global Financial Institutions

November 27 and 29

 

READ:            Anderson, ed., 65-90; 126-154

 

 

Week 15            Globalization and “Third World” Politics:  Comparisons and Conclusions

December 4 and 6

 

READ:            Anderson, ed., 164-176

 

Mittelman, 223-249

 

Take-home Essay Exam #2 due at beginning of final exam period:  Tuesday, December 11, 6 PM