1. Write an outline of the paper before beginning the paper.  An outline will provide structure, cohesiveness, and continuity.  The paper should include an introduction, the body of the paper, and a conclusion.  The body of the paper should be organized around the major themes or argument of the paper.

2. Introduce topics in the initial sentence of the paragraph, particularly when changing topics.  Write transitional sentences at the end of paragraphs.

3. Use subject headers throughout the paper for major topics with the exception of the introduction.

4. Cite all references, particularly when using a definition or summarizing research findings.  Follow the rules for citation as listed in the American Psychological Association's Publication Manual.  You do not have to cite information that is commonly known.  If you are paraphrasing another's works, or using a direct quote, you must cite the original source.

Limit the number of direct quotes within the paper.  Only use a direct quote when an author has stated something in a manner in which the original idea or sentiment would be lost if it were paraphrased.  A term paper should reflect your knowledge and understanding of the literature and research on a particular subject.  A series of direct quotes does not reflect your understanding of the topic, and using too many quotes affects the cohesiveness of the paper.

5. Make sure that verbs and subjects match.  Be consistent with verb tense.

6. Make sure that sentences are parallel (to develop and to apply, instead of to develop and applying).

7. Write out contractions (do not, will not, should have).  Remember that ‘cannot' is one word.

8. If using computer word processing programs, use spell checks and grammar checks.  Spell checks will not catch correctly spelled misspelled words (i.e., form for from), so be sure to manually check for spelling errors.

9. Use semicolons appropriately.  Semicolons are used in two ways.  First, to separate a clause that cannot be joined through a conjunction (and, or, but).  Second, to separate elements that already contain commas.  Do not confuse semicolons with commas.

10. Use colons appropriately.  Colons are used before a final phrase or clause that demonstrates or extends the preceding material.

11. Before handing in a paper, proofread it.  It is best to read your paper aloud.

12. Refer to writing manuals as often as necessary.  The counseling profession uses the American Psychological Association's Publication Manual which is available at the bookstore.  Other references include the Turabian style manual published by the University of Chicago.

13. Please use a standard font when typing the papers, at 12 or 10 pts.

13. Double-space papers.

14. There is a difference between effect and affect, and then and than.

NEIU's Writing lab (CLS- 2046A) is also available to help students with term papers.
 
 

Additional references:

Crib sheet on APA style for counselors-www.coe.ohio-state.edu/dgranello-Click on "courses"

Word Templates-  http://search.officeupdate.microsoft.com/TemplateGallery/ct146.asp