Objectives #12

Department of Earth Science |Northeastern Illinois University

PRINCIPLES OF HYDROGEOLOGY
ESCI 337
Spring, 2004

Daily Objectives #12 (February 24, 2004) Dr. Sanders

Reminder: Homework Assignment #4 is due today!

By the end of today's class, you should be able to do the following:

Old business

v Explain the meaning of each of these terms. Use diagrams if they help!

    1) aquifer
    2) confined aquifer
    3) unconfined aquifer
    4) perched aquifer

    5) aquitard (or confining layer)
    6) water table
    7) potentiometric surface
    8) capillary fringe (or capillary zone, or tension-saturated zone)

v If you haven't yet completed this objective from last class, use your knowledge of hydraulic properties to solve three practical problems:

q We will need to add water to saturate the sediments in the Darcy tube. When we're done with the experiments, we will need to drain it before putting it away. Estimate how much water will be needed to fill the Darcy tube. Then, estimate how much water will drain out.

q Figure out how much water was lost from an aquifer during a drought (Chapter 3, Problem #9, on p. 111).

q Look at the map in the Willman (1971) ISGS circular ("Summary of the Geology of the Chicago Area"). Based on the information in the map/document, decide where in the Chicago area people could find abundant ground water that they could tap with shallow wells. Then, combining this information with the information on the map of the bedrock geology of Illinois, identify areas that are likely to have abundant ground water that can be tapped with deeper wells--wells that extend into the bedrock. (On the NEIU campus, to find abundant ground water, would we need to drill shallow wells? Or deep wells?)

New business

u Sketch a cross section illustrating the generalized hydrostratigraphy of northeastern Illinois.

z Explain the meaning of hydraulic head and hydraulic gradient.

z State Darcy's Law and explain each of the variables in the equation.

z Develop plans for an experiment using the Darcy tube apparatus, explaining what you would like to investigate and how you will do so.

o Investigate the differences in flow of three different fluids (soybean oil, Log Cabin syrup, and water) through a porous medium.

o Explain the meaning of the terms hydraulic conductivity and permeability, and explain the difference between the two.

o Give typical ranges of the value of hydraulic conductivity and permeability of different types of porous materials, using the correct units of measurement.

n Explain what will be required of you on Thursday of this week (when I will be at the National Association of Geoscience Teachers "Cutting Edge" workshop on "Teaching Geoscience with Visualizations"). Here are the assignments:

Tasks to be done before next Tuesday's class:

t Get together with your group at a convenient time. If you can't find any other time, remember that everyone should be free at class time on Thursday!

t Do Homework Assignment #5

t With your group, discuss and come to some consensus on how to use the "Team Member Evaluation Form". Then, using the form, evaluate each member's contributions to the team. These are not to be handed in! Instead, exchange them with each other.

t Have a discussion with your group members about how the "Peer Rating of Team Members" form will be used. Do not fill these out yet; we will do that next week. But please note that these forms will be handed in!

Department of Earth Science | Northeastern Illinois University