Department
of Earth Science |
Northeastern
Illinois University
INTRODUCTION
TO EARTH SCIENCE
ESCI
121
Spring
2007
Review for Exam
#4 (May 2, 2007)
Dr. Sanders
On this
exam, you should be able to do the
following:
* Use the Public
Land Survey system (Township, Range, and Section) to give the location
of any point on a topographic map.
* Given a location's legal description in terms of the Public Land
Survey system, find that point on a topographic map.
* Define the terms divide, watershed,
and drainage basin (drainage area).
* Explain how a divide
can be located on a topographic map.
* Draw a
diagram illustrating the processes and products of the water cycle
(hydrologic cycle).
* Explain what stream discharge is, how it is measured in the field,
and in what units of measurement it is expressed.
*
Describe the work that streams do (erosion, transportation, and
deposition) in terms of energy.
* On a map showing a stream meander,
indicate where erosion is likely
to be highest and where deposition is likely to take place.
Explain.
* On a map, show an oxbow or oxbow lake and
explain how they formed (topo quad used in class: Arlington Heights).
* Explain what a stream floodplain is and how and
why it forms.
* On a topographic map, delineate the edges of a stream
floodplain.
* Measure the
width of the floodplain
of a river.
* List
and explain factors that can affect the rate of water infiltration
into the subsurface.
* Describe some of the ways various watersheds might
differ
from each other in terms of hydrologic characteristics (e.g. size of
drainage area, degree of urbanization,
and so on).
* Develop
and use a test that allows you to determine how rapidly water
can infiltrate into different kinds of soil.
* Develop a method for using the stream table to model processes of
meandering streams and delta formation.
* Graph stream discharge data collected from the USGS web site.
* Analyze
stream discharge data in terms of how they relate to watershed
characteristics, as well as precipitation/weather events.
* Explain
the terms aquifer
and aquitard,
and
tell the the difference between them. Give examples of
geologic materials that make good aquifers and those that make good
aquitards.
* Explain what the term water table means, and tell
how its elevation is measured.
* Describe what a ground water well is, and tell how wells
are constructed.
* Calculate water elevation in wells based on depth-to-water data.
* Plot water table elevation in wells on a map, contour the
points, and tell what direction water is flowing based on the
mapped position of the water table.
* Using
the
points we plotted on the side of the ground water model last time, find
areas of faster and slower ground water flow.
* Use a ground water table elevation map to determine possible sources
of contamination found in a lake and a municipal well.
* List
and describe the meaning of common weather measurements: temperature, barometric
pressure, relative humidity, wind speed and direction, and precipitation.
* Describe the temperature and moisture characteristics of these major
air masses: continental
polar, and maritime
tropical.
* Tell
what causes precipitation.
* Explain what conditions lead to frontal
precipitation.
* Describe a warm front and a cold front, draw each in profile (side)
view, and using the diagrams, explain how/why each leads to
precipitation.
* Explain what barometric pressure has to do with wind
direction.
* Describe the characteristics of high pressure systems and low
pressure systems.
* Explain how high and low pressure systems affect Chicago's weather as
they move across the Midwest.
* Predict the weather in different cities based on the positions of
warm and cold fronts and high and low pressure systems.
© 2007 Laura L. Sanders. Last updated May
1, 2007.